November 9

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November 9 is the 313th day of the year (314th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 52 days remaining.

Events

1862 - American Civil War: Union General Ambrose Burnside assumes command of the Army of the Potomac, following General George McClellan's removal.
1872 - Great Boston Fire of 1872: In Boston, Massachusetts, a large fire begins to burn on Lincoln Street (the two day event destroyed about 65 acres of city, 776 buildings, much of the financial district and caused US$60 million in damage).
1875 - Indian Wars: In Washington, D.C., Indian Inspector E.C. Watkins issues a report stating that hundreds of Sioux and Cheyenne associated with Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse are hostile to the United States (the Battle of the Little Big Horn was fought in Montana the next year).
1888 - Jack the Ripper kills Mary Jane Kelly, his last known victim.
1906 - US President Theodore Roosevelt leaves for a trip to Panama to inspect the construction progress of the Panama Canal (this was the first time a sitting President of the United States made an official trip outside of the United States).
1918 - Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany abdicates and chooses to live in exile in the Netherlands.
1918 - Provisional National Council Minister-President Kurt Eisner declares Bavaria to be a republic.
1923 - Beer Hall Putsch fails: In Munich, policeman and troops crush the first Nazi Party attempt to seize control of the German government.
1932 - Riots between conservative and socialist supporters in Switzerland - 12 dead, 60 injured.
1938 - Holocaust: Kristallnacht begins - In Germany, the "night of broken glass" begins as Nazi troops and sympathizers loot and burn Jewish businesses (the all night affair saw 7,500 Jewish businesses destroyed, 267 synagogues burned, 91 Jews killed, and at least 25,000 Jewish men arrested).
1953 - Cambodia becomes independent from France.
1963 - 1963 Miike coal-mine explosion: In Japan, a coal mine explosion kills 458 and sends 839 carbon monoxide poisoning victims to the hospital.
1965 - Northeast Blackout of 1965: Several U.S. states and parts of Canada are hit by a series of blackouts lasting up to 13 1/2 hours.
1965 - Vietnam War: In New York City, 22-year old Catholic Worker member Roger Allen LaPorte sets himself on fire in front of the United Nations building in protest of the war in Vietnam (this was the second such incident in a week; on November 2 32-year-old Quaker member Norman Morrison did the same thing in front of The Pentagon).
1967 - Apollo program: NASA launches a Saturn V rocket carrying the unmanned Apollo 6 test spacecraft from Cape Kennedy.
1970 - Vietnam War: The Supreme Court of the United States votes 6 to 3 to not hear a case by the state of Massachusetts to allow the state to enforce its law granting Massachusetts residents the right to refuse military service in an undeclared war.
1989 - Cold War: Communist-controlled East Germany opens checkpoints in the Berlin Wall, allowing its citizens to freely travel to West Germany for the first time in decades (the next day celebrating Germans began to tear the wall down).
1998 - In the largest civil settlement in United States history, a federal judge approves a US$1.03 billion settlement requiring dozens of brokerage houses (including Merrill Lynch, Goldman Sachs, and Salomon Smith Barney) to pay investors who claim they were cheated in a wide-spread price-fixing scheme on the NASDAQ.
2002 - In Los Angeles, California, television and film actor Merlin Santana is shot to death while sitting in the passenger seat of a friend's car parked on the 3800 block of Victoria Avenue.
2003 - A total lunar eclipse is seen in the Americas, Europe, Africa, and Central Asia.