From Wikinfo
The lateral sulcus (also called Sylvian fissure or lateral fissure) is one of the most prominent structures of the human brain. It divides the frontal lobe and parietal lobe above from the temporal lobe below. It is in both hemispheres of the brain but is longer in the left hemisphere.
In the left hemisphere the lateral sulcus is between Wernicke's area and Broca's area. The Transverse temporal gyrus is also nearby. As the above areas of the brain are involved in language function the lateral sulcus appears also involved in language. '"Cortical areas that may be implicated in impaired language functioning include the Sylvian fissure." (Leonard, 2001).
It was named the sylvian fissure after Franciscus Sylvius ) (1614-1672), professor of medicine at Leiden.
Reference
| Brain: telencephalon (cerebrum, cerebral cortex, cerebral hemispheres) |
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| | Primary sulci/fissures | | | | Frontal lobe | Precentral gyrus ( Primary motor cortex, 4), Precentral sulcus, Superior frontal gyrus/ Frontal eye fields ( 6, 8, 9), Middle frontal gyrus ( 46), Inferior frontal gyrus ( 44- Pars opercularis, 45- Pars triangularis), Orbitofrontal cortex ( 10, 11, 12, 47) | | | Parietal lobe | Somatosensory cortex ( Primary (1, 2, 3, 43), Secondary ( 5)), Precuneus ( 7m), Parietal lobules ( Arcuate fasciculus/ Superior ( 7l), Inferior ( 40)), Angular gyrus ( 39), Intraparietal sulcus, Marginal sulcus | | | Occipital lobe | | | | Temporal lobe | Primary auditory cortex ( 41, 42), Superior temporal gyrus ( 38, 22), Middle temporal gyrus ( 21), Inferior temporal gyrus ( 20), Fusiform gyrus ( 37) Medial temporal lobe ( Amygdala, Hippocampus, Parahippocampal gyrus ( 27, 28, 34, 35, 36) | | | Cingulate cortex/gyrus | | | | white matter tracts | Corpus callosum ( Splenium, Genu, Rostrum, Tapetum), Septum pellucidum, Internal capsule, Corona radiata, External capsule, Olfactory tract, Fornix ( Commissure of fornix), Anterior commissure, Posterior commissure Terminal stria Superior and Inferior longitudinal fasciculus, uncinate fasciculus, cingulum, Inferior occipitofrontal fasciculus | | | Basal ganglia | | | | Other | | | | Some categorizations are approximations, and some Brodmann areas span gyri. |
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