Republic of Georgia
From Wikinfo
See also Republic of Georgia by Levan Urushadze and Georgia (country)
Republic of Georgia is a country to the north-east of the Black Sea in the south Caucasus. A former republic of the Soviet Union, it shares borders with Russia in the north and Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan in the south.
| National motto: | |
| Image:LocationGeorgia.png | |
| Official language | Georgian |
| Capital and largest city | Tbilisi |
| Capital's coordinates | 41� 43' N, 44� 48' E |
| President | Mikheil Saakashvili |
| Prime Minister | Zurab Zhvania |
| Area - Total - % water | Ranked 118th 69,700 km2 Negligible |
| Population - Total (2003E) - Density | Ranked 111th 4,934,413 71/km2 |
| Independence | 9 April 1991 |
| Currency | Lari (GEL) |
| Time zone | UTC +4 (DST +5) |
| National anthem | Dideba zetsit kurtheuls |
| Internet TLD | .ge |
| Calling Code | 995 |
Contents |
History
Main article: History of Georgia
Eastern Georgia (Kingdom of Kartl-Kakheti) was occupied and annexed by the Tsarist Russian Empire on September 12, 1801. In 1810 by Russia was abolished also the Kingdom of Imereti (Western Georgia). After the Russian Revolution it declared independence on May 26, 1918 during the Russian Civil War. In February 25, 1921 the Democratic Republic of Georgia was occupied by Soviet Russia and was incorporated into a Transcaucasian Federative Soviet Socialist Republic uniting Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan. The TFSSR was disaggregated into its component elements in 1936 and Georgia became the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic.
Since 1988 Georgia developed a vigorous multiparty system that strongly favoured independence. The country staged the first democratic multiparty Parliamentary Elections in the Soviet Union on October 28, 1990. First Chairman of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Georgia in November 14, 1990-May 26, 1991 was Dr. Zviad Gamsakhurdia (1939-1993), the first democratically elected President of Georgia since May 26, 1991. Shortly before the collapse of the Soviet Union on April 9, 1991, the Republic of Georgia declared independence again. Abkhazia and so-called 'South Ossetia', quickly became embroiled in separatist disputes that led to civil wars and widespread inter-ethnic violence. The Georgian government still does not control large parts of its territory and an uneasy ceasefire prevails in Abkhazia.
Politics
Main article: Politics of the Republic of Georgia
See also Foreign Relations of the Republic of Georgia
Since military coup d'etat of December 22, 1991-January 6, 1992, Georgia was governed by the regime of Eduard Shevardnadze (former 1st Secretary of the Communist Party of the former Georgian SSR and former Minister of Foreign Affairs of the former Soviet Union). Following a crisis involving allegations of ballot fraud, Eduard Shevardnadze resigned as President on November 23, 2003. The interim president was the speaker of the outgoing parliament (whose replacement was annulled), Nino Burjanadze. On January 4, 2004 Mikheil Saakashvili, leader of the National Movement-Democrats (NMD) (former United National Movement) won the country's presidential election and was inaugurated on January 25. The Parliamentary Elections, according to the "Electoral Code of Georgia", was held on March 28, 2004.
Subdivisions
Georgia is divided into 53 districts, 11 cities and 2 Autonomous Republics.
Autonomous Republics: Abkhazia and Ajara.
Cities: Chiatura, Batumi, Gori, Kutaisi, Poti, Rustavi, Sokhumi, Tbilisi, Tkibuli, Tskaltubo, Tskhinvali
Provinces: Districts of Abasha, Adigeni, Akhalgora, Akhaltsikhe, Akhmeta, Ambrolauri, Aspindza, Baghdati, Bolnisi, Borjomi, Chkhorotsku, Chokhatauri, Dedoplistskaro, Dmanisi, Dusheti, Gardabani, Gurjaani, Java, Kareli, Kaspi, Kharagauli, Khashuri, Khobi, Khoni, Lagodekhi, Lanchkhuti, Lentekhi, Marneuli, Martvili, Mestia, Mtskheta, Ninotsminda, Oni, Ozurgeti, Kazbegi, Kvareli, Sachkhere, Sagarejo, Samtredia, Senaki, Sighnagi,Telavi, Terjola, Tetritskaro, Tianeti, Tsageri, Tsalenjikha, Tsalka, Vani, Zestaponi, Zugdidi
Geography
Main article: Geography of Georgia
In the north, Georgia has a 723km common border with Russia, specifically with the Northern Caucasus federal district. The following Russian republics/subdivisions - from west to east - border Georgia: District of Krasnodar, Karachay-Cherkessia, Kabardino-Balkaria, North Ossetia-Alania, Ingushetia, Chechnya, Dagestan.
Main cities:
Economy
Main article: Economy of the Republic of Georgia
Demographics
Main article: Demographics of the Republic of Georgia
Culture
Main article: Culture of Georgia
See also Georgian language
| Date | English Name | Local Name | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
Miscellaneous topics
- Georgian people by Levan Urushadze
- Military of the Republic of Georgia
- Famous Georgians by Levan Urushadze
- Georgian Academy of Sciences by Levan Urushadze
- Tbilisi State University by Levan Urushadze
- Georgian Orthodox and Apostolic Church by Levan Urushadze
- Georgian National Section of EUROSCIENCE by Levan Urushadze
- International Association 'CAUCASUS: Ethnic Relations, Human Rights, Geopolitics' (IACERHRG)
See also
- Republic of Georgia by Levan Urushadze a signed article on the subject by Dr. Levan Urushadze
External links
- CIA World Factbook 2000
- Visit Georgia tourist agency country information
- History of Georgia
- Map of cities
- "Kartuli Idea"-"Georgian Idea"
References
- Adapted from the Wikipedia article, "Georgia_(country)" http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia_(country), used under the GNU Free Documentation License[[fr:G�orgie]][[nl:Georgi�]]
