Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests

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Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests also known as Tropical rain forests are a tropical and subtropical biome.

Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests are found in a belt around the equator and in the humid subtropics, and are characterized by warm, humid climates with high year-round rainfall. Tropical and subtropical regions with lower rainfall or distinct wet and dry seasons are home to Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests and Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests. Temperate rain forests also occur in certain humid temperate coastal regions.

Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests are common in several terrestrial ecozones, including parts of the Afrotropic (equatorial Africa), Indomalaya (parts of the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia), the Neotropic (northern South America and Central America), Australasia (eastern Indonesia, New Guinea, and northern Australia), and Oceania (the tropical islands of the Pacific Ocean). About half of the world's tropical rainforests are in the South American country of Brazil. Rain forests now cover less than 6% of Earth's land surface. Scientists estimate that more than half of all the world's plant and animal species live in tropical rain forests. Tropical rainforests produce 40% of Earth's oxygen.

water : very wet
temperature : always warm
soil : poor and thin
plants : many
animals : many

Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests ecoregions

Afrotropic ecozone
Albertine Rift montane forests (Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda) Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests (Angola, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon) Cameroonian Highlands forests (Cameroon, Nigeria) Central Congolian lowland forests (Democratic Republic of Congo) Comoros forests (Comoros) Cross-Niger transition forests (Nigeria) Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal forests (Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Nigeria) East African montane forests (Kenya, Sudan, Tanzania) Eastern Arc forests (Tanzania, Kenya) Eastern Congolian swamp forests (Democratic Republic of Congo) Eastern Guinean forests (Benin, Ghana, [[C�te d'Ivoire]], Togo) Ethiopian montane forests (Ethiopia) Granitic Seychelles forests (Seychelles) Guinean montane forests (Guinea, [[C�te d'Ivoire]], Liberia, Sierra Leone) Knysna-Amatole montane forests (South Africa) KwaZulu-Cape coastal forest mosaic (South Africa) Madagascar lowland forests (Madagascar) Madagascar subhumid forests (Madagascar) Maputaland coastal forest mosaic (Mozambique, Swaziland, South Africa) Mascarene forests (Mauritius, [[R�union]]) Mount Cameroon and Bioko montane forests (Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea) Niger Delta swamp forests (Nigeria) Nigerian lowland forests (Benin, Nigeria) Northeastern Congolian lowland forests (Cameroon, Central African Republic, Gabon, Republic of Congo) Northern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic (Kenya, Somalia, Tanzania) Northwestern Congolian lowland forests (Cameroon, Central African Republic, Gabon, Republic of Congo) [[S�o Tom� and Pr�ncipe moist lowland forests]] ([[S�o Tom� and Pr�ncipe]]) Southern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic (Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zimbabwe) Western Congolian swamp forests (Democratic Republic of Congo, Republic of Congo) Western Guinean lowland forests (Guinea, [[C�te d'Ivoire]], Liberia, Sierra Leone)

Australasia ecozone
Admiralty Islands lowland rain forests (Papua New Guinea) Banda Sea Islands moist deciduous forests (Indonesia) Biak-Numfoor rain forests (Indonesia) Buru rain forests (Indonesia) Central Range montane rain forests (Indonesia, Papua New Guinea) Halmahera rain forests (Indonesia) Huon Peninsula montane rain forests (Papua New Guinea) Japen rain forests (Indonesia) Lord Howe Island subtropical forests (Australia) Louisiade Archipelago rain forests (Papua New Guinea) New Britain-New Ireland lowland rain forests (Papua New Guinea) New Britain-New Ireland montane rain forests (Papua New Guinea) New Caledonia rain forests (New Caledonia) Norfolk Island subtropical forests (Australia) Northern New Guinea lowland rain and freshwater swamp forests (Indonesia, Papua New Guinea) Northern New Guinea montane rain forests (Indonesia, Papua New Guinea) Queensland tropical rain forests (Australia) Seram rain forests (Indonesia) Solomon Islands rain forests (Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands) Southeastern Papuan rain forests (Papua New Guinea) Southern New Guinea freshwater swamp forests (Indonesia, Papua New Guinea) Southern New Guinea lowland rain forests (Indonesia, Papua New Guinea) Sulawesi lowland rain forests (Indonesia) Sulawesi montane rain forests (Indonesia) Trobriand Islands rain forests (Papua New Guinea) Vanuatu rain forests (Solomon Islands, Vanuatu) Vogelkop montane rain forests (Indonesia) Vogelkop-Aru lowland rain forests (Indonesia)

Indomalaya ecozone
Andaman Islands rain forests (India) Borneo lowland rain forests (Indonesia, Malaysia) Borneo montane rain forests (Indonesia, Malaysia) Borneo peat swamp forests (Indonesia, Malaysia) Brahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forests (India) Cardamom Mountains rain forests (Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam) Chao Phraya freshwater swamp forests (Thailand) Chao Phraya lowland moist deciduous forests (Thailand) Chin Hills-Arakan Yoma montane forests (India, Myanmar) Christmas and Cocos Islands tropical forests (Australia) Eastern highlands moist deciduous forests (India) Eastern Java-Bali montane rain forests (Indonesia) Eastern Java-Bali rain forests (Indonesia) Greater Negros-Panay rain forests (Philippines) Hainan Island monsoon rain forests (China) Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests (Bhutan, India, Nepal) Irrawaddy freshwater swamp forests (Myanmar) Irrawaddy moist deciduous forests (Myanmar) Jian Nan subtropical evergreen forests (China) Kayah-Karen montane rain forests (Myanmar, Thailand) Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests (Laos, Thailand, Vietnam) Luang Prabang montane rain forests (Laos) Luzon montane rain forests (Philippines) Luzon rain forests (Philippines) Malabar Coast moist forests (India) Maldives-Lakshadweep-Chagos Archipelago tropical moist forests (British Indian Ocean Territory, India, Maldives) Meghalaya subtropical forests (India) Mentawai Islands rain forests (Indonesia) Mindanao montane rain forests (Philippines) Mindanao-Eastern Visayas rain forests (Philippines) Mindoro rain forests (Philippines) Mizoram-Manipur-Kachin rain forests (Bangladesh, India, Myanmar) Myanmar coastal rain forests (Myanmar) Nansei Islands subtropical evergreen forests (Japan) Nicobar Islands rain forests (India) North Western Ghats moist deciduous forests (India) North Western Ghats montane rain forests (India) Northern Annamites rain forests (Laos, Vietnam) Northern Indochina subtropical forests (China, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam) Northern Khorat Plateau moist deciduous forests (Laos, Thailand) Northern Thailand-Laos moist deciduous forests (Laos, Thailand) Northern Triangle subtropical forests (Myanmar) Northern Vietnam lowland rain forests (Vietnam) Orissa semi-evergreen forests (India) Palawan rain forests (Philippines) Peninsular Malaysian montane rain forests (Malaysia, Thailand) Peninsular Malaysian peat swamp forests (Malaysia, Thailand) Peninsular Malaysian rain forests (Indonesia, Malaysia) Red River freshwater swamp forests (Vietnam) South China Sea Islands (disputed between China, Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan, Vietnam) South China-Vietnam subtropical evergreen forests (China, Vietnam) South Taiwan monsoon rain forests (Taiwan) South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests (India) South Western Ghats montane rain forests (India) Southern Annamites montane rain forests (Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam) Southwest Borneo freshwater swamp forests (Indonesia) Sri Lanka lowland rain forests (Sri Lanka) Sri Lanka montane rain forests (Sri Lanka) Sulu Archipelago rain forests (Philippines) Sumatran freshwater swamp forests (Indonesia) Sumatran lowland rain forests (Indonesia) Sumatran montane rain forests (Indonesia) Sumatran peat swamp forests (Indonesia) Sundaland heath forests (Indonesia) Sundarbans freshwater swamp forests (Bangladesh, India) Taiwan subtropical evergreen forests (Taiwan) Tenasserim-South Thailand semi-evergreen rain forests (Malaysia' Myanmar, Thailand) Tonle Sap freshwater swamp forests (Cambodia, Vietnam) Tonle Sap-Mekong peat swamp forests (Cambodia, Vietnam) Upper Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests (India) Western Java montane rain forests (Indonesia) Western Java rain forests (Indonesia)

Neotropic ecozone
Araucaria moist forests (Argentina, Brazil) Atlantic Coast restingas (Brazil) Bahia coastal forests (Brazil) Bahia interior forests (Brazil) Bolivian Yungas (Bolivia, Peru) Caatinga Enclaves moist forests (Brazil) Caqueta moist forests (Brazil, Colombia) Catatumbo moist forests (Venezuela) Cauca Valley montane forests (Colombia) [[Cayos Miskitos-San Andr�s and Providencia moist forests]] (Colombia, Nicaragua) Central American Atlantic moist forests (Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama) Central American montane forests (El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua) Chiapas montane forests (Mexico) Chimalapas montane forests (Mexico) [[Choc�-Dari�n Moist Forests]] (Colombia, Ecuador, Panama) Cocos Island moist forests (Costa Rica) Cordillera La Costa montane forests (Venezuela) Cordillera Oriental montane forests (Colombia, Venezuela) Costa Rican seasonal moist forests (Costa Rica, Nicaragua) Cuban moist forests (Cuba) Eastern Cordillera real montane forests (Colombia, Ecuador, Peru) Eastern Panamanian montane forests (Colombia, Panama) Fernanda de Noronha-Atol das Rocas moist forests (Brazil) Guayanan highlands forests (Brazil, Colombia, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela) Guianan moist forests (Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela) Gurupa varzea (Brazil) Hispaniolan moist forests (Dominican Republic, Haiti) Iquitos varzea (Bolivia, Brazil, Peru) Isthmian-Atlantic moist forests (Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama) Isthmian-Pacific moist forests (Costa Rica, Panama) Jamaican moist forests (Jamaica) [[Japur�-Solimoes-Negro moist forests]] (Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela) [[Juru�-Purus moist forests]] (Brazil) Leeward Islands moist forests (Antigua, British Virgin Islands, Guadeloupe, Montserrat, Nevis, Saint Kitts, British Virgin Islands) [[Madeira-Tapaj�s moist forests]] (Bolivia, Brazil) Magdalena Valley montane forests (Colombia) [[Magdalena-Urab� moist forests]] (Colombia) [[Maraj� varzea]] (Brazil) [[Maranh�o Baba�u forests]] (Brazil) Mato Grosso tropical dry forests (Brazil) Monte Alegre varzea (Brazil) Napo Moist Forests (Colombia, Ecuador, Peru) Negro-Branco moist forests (Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela) Northeastern Brazil restingas (Brazil) Northwestern Andean montane forests (Colombia, Ecuador) Oaxacan montane forests (Mexico) Orinoco Delta swamp forests (Guyana, Venezuela) Pantanos de Centla (Mexico) Paramaribo swamp forests (Guyana, Suriname) [[Para��-Para�ba interior forests]] (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay) Pernambuco coastal forests (Brazil) Pernambuco interior forests (Brazil) Peruvian Yungas (Peru) [[Pet�n-Veracruz moist forests]] (Mexico) Puerto Rican moist forests (Puerto Rico) Purus varzea (Brazil) Purus-Madeira moist forests (Brazil) Rio Negro campinarana (Brazil, Colombia) Santa Marta montane forests (Colombia) Serra do Mar coastal forests (Brazil) Sierra de los Tuxtlas (Mexico) Sierra Madre de Chiapas moist forest (El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico) [[Solim�es-Japur� moist forest]] (Brazil, Colombia, Peru) South Florida rocklands (United States) Southern Andean Yungas (Argentina, Brazil) Southwest Amazon moist forests (Bolivia, Brazil, Peru) Talamancan montane forests (Costa Rica, Panama) [[Tapaj�s-Xingu moist forests]] (Brazil) Tepuis (Brazil, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela) [[Tocantins-Araguaia-Maranh�o moist forests]] (Brazil) Trinidad and Tobago moist forests (Trinidad and Tobago) Trinidade-Martin Vaz Islands tropical forests (Brazil) Uatuma-Trombetas moist forests (Brazil, Guyana, Suriname) Ucayali moist forests (Peru) Venezuelan Andes montane forests (Colombia, Venezuela) Veracruz moist forest (Mexico) Veracruz montane forests (Mexico) Western Ecuador moist forests (Colombia, Ecuador) Windward Islands moist forests (Dominica, Grenada, Martinique, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines) Xingu-Tocantins-Araguaia moist forests (Brazil) [[Yucat�n moist forests]] (Belize, Guatemala, Mexico)

Oceania ecozone
Carolines tropical moist forests (Federated States of Micronesia) Central Polynesian tropical moist forests (Cook Islands, Johnston Atoll, Kiribati, Palmyra Atoll) Cook Islands tropical moist forests (Cook Islands) Eastern Micronesia tropical moist forests (Marshall Islands, Nauru, Kiribati, Wake Island) Fiji tropical moist forests (Fiji) Hawaii tropical moist forests (Hawaii) Kermadec Islands subtropical moist forests (New Zealand) Marquesas tropical moist forests (French Polynesia) Ogasawara subtropical moist forests (Japan) Palau tropical moist forests (Palau) Rapa Nui and Sala-y-Gomez subtropical broadleaf forests (Chile) Samoan tropical moist forests (American Samoa, Western Samoa) Society Islands tropical moist forests (French Polynesia) Tongan tropical moist forests (Tonga) Tuamotu tropical moist forests (French Polynesia) Tubuai tropical moist forests (French Polynesia) Western Polynesian tropical moist forests (Kiribati, Tokelau, Tuvalu)

Palearctic ecozone
Gizhou Plateau broadleaf and mixed forests (China) Yunnan Plateau subtropical evergreen forests (China)