United States Minor Outlying Islands

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The flag of the United States is used for all of the United States Minor Outlying Islands
Map showing the location of the islands in the Pacific Ocean on the right, and the islands in the Caribbean Sea on the left (all UMMOA islands highlighted in black)
The United States Minor Outlying Islands (USMOI), a statistical designation defined by the International Organization for Standardization's ISO 3166-1 code, consists of eleven United States insular areas.

Palmyra Atoll is the only incorporated territory. As of 2008, none of the islands has any permanent residents. The only human population consists of temporarily stationed scientific and military personnel. The 2000 census counted 315 people on Johnston Atoll and 1 person on Wake Island.[1] There has been no indigenous population, except at the 1940 census. The Baker, Howland and Jarvis Colonization Scheme attempted to settle Americans on those three islands beginning in 1935, but all three islands were evacuated in 1942 as a result of World War II.

The term "United States Minor Outlying Islands" was introduced in 1986. From 1974 until 1986, five of the islands (Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Palmyra Atoll and Kingman Reef) were grouped under the term US Miscellaneous Pacific Islands, with ISO 3166 code PU (the code of Midway Atoll was MI, and the code of Johnston Atoll JT).

The islands are grouped together entirely as a statistical convenience. They are not administered collectively, nor do they share a single cultural or political history beyond being currently uninhabited islands under the sovereignty of the United States.

They are collectively represented today by the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code UM. The individual islands have ISO 3166-2 numerical codes, see ISO 3166-2:UM. The Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) ".um" has historically been assigned to the islands; however, the .um ccTLD was retired in January 2007.[2] The .um ccTLD, however, was not abandoned immediately.

On 6 May 2008 with Cesidian Root officers, Cesidio Tallini claims to have invaded the .UM ccTLD in the Cesidian Root, i.e. United States namespace, and to have legally annexed the United States Minor Outlying Islands (USMOI). He renamed the islands the United Micronations Multi-Oceanic Archipelago (UMMOA).[3] Tallini is now the Governor of the UMMOA.

Tallini has succeeded in having this claim recognised to a degree. On 22 July 2008 the Supreme Council of the Presidency of the International States Parliament for Safety and Peace (ISPSP), New Society of the Nations, with the approval of His Excellency The Lord President, Monsignor Senator Viktor Busà, granted Accreditation and Official Status of Incorporation to the United Micronations Multi-Oceanic Archipelago (UMMOA), also known as the Arcipelago Multioceanico delle Micronazioni Unite (AMOMU), with seat in the Caribbean Sea. The UMMOA is now recognised under international law and the Vienna Convention of 18 April 1961 (1963).[4]

Atoll/Island Island Area
km² 		Lagoon
km² 		Coordinates NWR
established 		date of
acquisition

Northern Pacific Ocean, scattered isolated islands

Wake Island1 7.4 6 19°18′N, 166°38′E N/A 1899-01-17
Johnston Atoll 2.52 130 16°45′N, 169°31′W N/A 1859-09-06

Northern Pacific Ocean, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

Midway Atoll 5.18 40 28°13′N, 177°22′W 19981867-08-28

Central Pacific Ocean, Northern Line Islands

Kingman Reef 0.03 60 6°24′N, 162°24′W 2001-01-181860-02-08
Palmyra Atoll 6.56 15 5°53′N, 162°05′W 2001-01-181912-02-21

Central Pacific Ocean, Central Line Islands

Jarvis Island 4.45 - 0°22′S, 160°01′W 19741856-10-28

Central Pacific Ocean, Northern Phoenix Islands

Baker Island 1.24 - 0°12′N, 176°29′W 19741856-10-28
Howland Island 1.62 - 0°48′N, 176°37′W 19741856-10-28

Caribbean Sea

Navassa Island2 5.2 - 18°24′N, 75°01′W1999-09-301858-10-31
Bajo Nuevo Bank3 0.02 155 15°53′N, 78°38′WNA1869-11-22
Serranilla Bank3 0.02 1200 15°50′N, 79°50′WNA1879-09-08
1880-09-13
U.S. Minor Outlying Islands 34.2 251      
1claimed by the Marshall Islands
2claimed by Haiti
3These islands are disputed with Colombia, Jamaica, and possibly Honduras.
   Their areas are not included in the totals.
   Only one U.S. Government online resource [1] list these islands in the context of the United States Minor Outlying Islands, all others do not.

Sources and references

(incomplete)

References

  1. ^ US Census 2000 Population Summary — see Table I
  2. ^ Jesdanun, Anick (24 January, 2007). "Unused Domain Name for U.S. Isles Gone". msnbc. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/16788293/. Retrieved on 2007-09-28. 
  3. ^ Tallini, Cesidio (7 may, 2008). "Micronation legally invades U.S. and annexes 11 islands/atolls". openPR.com. http://www.openpr.com/news/43907.html. Retrieved on 2008-12-19. 
  4. ^ Tallini, Cesidio (26 July, 2008). "UMMOA achieves real international recognition". PRLog.org. http://www.prlog.org/10094511-ummoa-achieves-real-international-recognition.html. Retrieved on 2008-12-19. 

See also

Political divisions of the United States
Federal District District of Columbia
States Alabama • Alaska • Arizona • Arkansas • California • Colorado • Connecticut • Delaware • Florida • Georgia • Hawaii • Idaho • Illinois • Indiana • Iowa • Kansas • Kentucky • Louisiana • Maine • Maryland • Massachusetts • Michigan • Minnesota • Mississippi • Missouri • Montana • Nebraska • Nevada • New Hampshire • New Jersey • New Mexico • New York • North Carolina • North Dakota • Ohio • Oklahoma • Oregon • Pennsylvania • Rhode Island • South Carolina • South Dakota • Tennessee • Texas • Utah • Vermont • Virginia • Washington • West Virginia • Wisconsin • Wyoming
Insular areas American Samoa • Guam • Northern Mariana Islands • Puerto Rico • United States Virgin Islands
Minor outlying islands Baker Island • Howland Island • Jarvis Island • Johnston Atoll • Kingman Reef • Midway Atoll • Navassa Island • Palmyra Atoll • Wake Island
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